Frege's idea could be expressed thus: the propositions of mathematics, if they were just complexes of dashes, would be dead and utterly uninteresting, whereas they obviously have a kind of 3 Such a theory of mind might seem self-contradictory; however, it has been proffered, e.g., by Davidson (2001).
The mistake we are liable to make could be expressed thus: We are looking for the use of a sign, but we look for it as though it were an object co-existing with the sign.
The linguistic meaning of a word is entirely constituted by the rules of its use. Of course, we must keep in mind that meaning in this sense is not a thing which is named or denoted or expressed by an expression, but rather something the expression embodies or instantiates.
As far as my experience goes, the majority of people practising DRT would answer to the effect that it depicts something like the (structure of the) mental content which is expressed by the expression analyzed, or that it somehow records what is going on with speakers' and/or hearers' mental representations.
This leads to the conviction that any opposition expressed in terms of a classificatory function is a function with merely two values.
If you look at the forms of intentionality that correspond to these speech acts, and are expressed in their performance, forms such as regret and gratitude, it seems to me these typically are combinations of beliefs and desires.
The paradox is: how do we achieve the unity of the sentence (and hence the unity of the expressed proposition) when the sentence is entirely composed of discrete entities, the string of words and morphemes that constitute it?
So once we require that sentences encode whole intentional states, John R. Searle WhatisLanguageforLandauFNLSavas Page 23 6 November, 2006 the unity of the proposition expressed comes for free.
So the propositional unity expressed by the complete sentence is already provided by prelinguistic intentionality, and the internal subject-predicate structure is provided by the way our phenomenology presents the propositional content to us.
Recall that the essence of speaker meaning is the intentional imposition of conditions of satisfaction onto utterances, the imposition of the same conditions of satisfaction as the intentional state expressed in the utterance.